Indicates a state that the watch-expressions belonging to this category are displayed. When you double-click the icon or click the "-" mark, the category is closed to hide the watch-expressions.

Indicates a state that the watch-expressions belonging to this category are hidden. When you double-click the icon or click the "+" mark, the category is opened to display the watch-expressions.

Indicates that the watch-expression is a variable.

The watch-expression indicating an array, pointer type variable or a structure/union is marked with a "+" or "-" at the beginning, so that when the sign is clicked, the expression expands or collapses (see “(b) Expanding/collapsing the display”).

Indicates that the watch-expression is a function.

Indicates that the watch-expression is an immediate.

Indicates that the watch-expression is an expression.

Indicates that the watch-expression is an I/O register.

Indicates that the watch-expression is a CPU register.

The watch-expression having a lower level register (part of a register) is marked with a "+" or "-" at the beginning, so that when the sign is clicked, the expression expands or collapses (see “(b) Expanding/collapsing the display”).

Caution 1.

No other categories can be created within a category.

Caution 2.

Up to 64 categories can be created in one Watch panel. (If an attempt is made to create more categories exceeding this limit, a message is displayed.)

Remark

If categories or watch-expressions in a Watch panel are drag-and-dropped into another Watch panel (Watch1 to Watch4), the categories or watch-expressions are copied into the target Watch panel.

Watch-expression

Contents when expanded

Array

All elements in an array.

They can be displayed as a character string by selecting [Notation] and then [ASCII] on the context menu (up to 256 characters displayable).

However, if not displayable because of encoding type, a "." or "?" is displayed.

Pointer type variable

A variable at the destination pointed to by a pointer.

Structure/union/class

All members of a structure/union/class.

Register

The name of a bit or bit string that comprises a register.

Example: For PSW register

IPL register, PM register, U register, I register, O register, S register, Z register, C register

Table A.5

Relationship between Panels and Subjects Registrable as Watch-expressions

Panel name

Subjects registrable as watch-expressions

Editor panel

C/C++ variablesNote 1, CPU registers, I/O registers, and assembler symbols

Disassemble panel

C/C++ variablesNote 1, CPU registers, I/O registers, and assembler symbols

CPU Register panel

CPU registers Note 2

Local Variables panel

C/C++ variablesNote 1 (local variables)

IOR panel

I/O registersNote 2

Note 1.

It represents C89, C99 and C++ variables.

Note 2.

Scope specification is automatically added to the watch-expression.

Table A.6

Watch-expression Input Form

Watch-expression

Displayed value

C/C++ variable name Note 1

Value of a C/C++ variable

Watch-expression [Watch expression]

Element values of an array

Watch-expression. Member name Note 2

Member values of a structure/union/class

Watch-expression-> Member name Note 2

Member values of the structure/union/class pointed to by a pointer

Watch-expression.* Cast expression

Value of a pointer to member variable

Watch-expression->* Cast expression

Value of a pointer to member variable

* Watch-expression

Variable value of a pointer

& Watch-expression

Location address

(Type name) Watch-expression

Value cast to specified type

CPU register name

Value of a CPU register

I/O register name

Value of an I/O register

Label nameNote 3, EQU symbol nameNote 3, [immediate value]

Value of a label, value of an EQU symbol, value of an immediate address

Integer constant

Constant value of an integer

Floating constant

Constant value of a floating point

Character constant

Constant value of a character

Note 1.

It represents C89, C99 and C++ variables.

Note 2.

To specify a member variable of base class, specify scope before a member name.
(Example: variable.BaseClass::member)

Note 3.

If a label name or EQU symbol name contains a "$," enclose the name in braces "{ }."
(Example: {$Label})
If there is an imaginary number, multiply it by the uppercase letter "I" (example: 1.0 + 2.0*I). The letter "I" constitutes a keyword, so that when you specify "I" of a CPU register, add ":REG" (example: I:REG).

Table A.7

Handling of a C/C++ Variable when Registered in Watch by Specifying Scope

Scope specification

Load module nameNote 1

Source file nameNote 1

Function nameNote 2

Subject to be searched

prog$file#func

prog

file

func

Static functions

prog$func

prog

Global

func

Global functions

file#func

Current

file

func

Static functions

func

Current

Current

func

AllNote 2

Note 1.

If a load module name or file name contains a space or one of the following symbols, enclose the name in double-quotes (" "). (Example: "c:\folder\prog.abs" $file.c#func)
$, #, (, ), [, ], &, ^, ~, %, +, - *, /, :, ?, ', |, \, <, >, !

Note 2.

A search is made for static functions and global functions from the scope of the current PC value in that order. Static functions out of scope are not searched for.
To specify a function defined in a name space, do not write scope. (Example: Scope::func)
Also, if functions with the same name exist, write the type of parameter expressly. (Example: func(int, int))

Table A.8

Handling of a C Variable when Registered in Watch by Specifying Scope

Scope specification

Load module nameNote 1

Source file nameNote 1

Function nameNote 2

Function nameNote 2

Subject to be searched

prog$file#func#var

prog

file

func

var

Static variables inside a static functionNote 2,3

prog$file#var

prog

file

Global

var

Static variables inside a file

prog$var

prog

Global

Global

var

Global variables

file#func#var

Current

file

func

var

Static variables inside a static functionNote 2,3

file#var

Current

file

Global

var

Static variables inside a file

var

Current

Current

Current

var

AllNote 4

Note 1.

If a load module name or file name contains a space or one of the following symbols, enclose the name in double-quotes (" "). (Example: "c:\folder\prog.abs" $file.c#func#var)
$, #, (, ), [, ], &, ^, ~, %, +, - *, /, :, ?, ', |, \, <, >, !

Note 2.

To specify a function and variable defined in a name space, be sure to write scope. (Example: Scope::func)
Also, if functions with the same name exist, write the type of parameter expressly. (Example: func(int, int))

Note 3.

If the current PC value exists in a specified function, the local variables that are not declared as static also comprise the subject to be searched.

Note 4.

A search is made for local variables, static variables inside a file and global variables from the scope of the current PC value in that order. The local variables and the static variables inside a file that are out of scope are not searched for.

Table A.9

Handling of a CPU Register when Registered in Watch by Specifying Scope

Scope specification

Register bank

CPU register name

R10:REG

(None)

R10

Table A.10

Handling of an I/O Register when Registered in Watch by Specifying Scope

Scope specification

I/O register name

AD0.ADCR:IOR

AD0.ADCR

AD0.ADCR

AD0.ADCR

Remark 1.

A symbol name at the current caret position can be supplemented by pressing the [Ctrl] and [Space] keys together in this area. (See "2.21.2 Symbol name completion function.")

Remark 2.

Immediates are handled as a numeric value. Also, operators can be used for immediates.

Remark 3.

Arithmetic expressions using a symbol can be specified as watch-expressions.

Remark 4.

If there exist a C/C++ variable, a CPU register and an I/O register with the same name that are registered without specifying scope, the symbols are resolved in the order given below, to display values.
C/C++ variable > CPU register > I/O register

Remark 5.

If there exist a local variable and a global variable with the same name that are registered by only a symbol name without specifying scope, the symbols are resolved based on the scope of the current PC value, to display values.

Remark 6.

If a watch-expression is registered from the IOR panel or CPU Register panel, the watch-expression will have scope specification automatically added to it.

Remark 7.

If the letter "I" alone is specified as a watch-expression, it is interpreted as an imaginary keyword. To acquire the value of a register "I," add ":REG" after the register.

Caution 1.

Up to 128 watch-expressions can be registered in one Watch panel. (If an attempt is made to register more watch-expressions exceeding this limit, a message is displayed.)

Caution 2.

In a block where a variable that is the subject of operation is not used, variable data may not always exist in the stack or register, due to optimization by a compiler. In this case, even when a variable that is the subject of operation is registered as a watch-expression, the displayed value remains marked with "?."

Remark 1.

Watch-expressions registered on each Watch panel (Watch1 to Watch4) are managed separately from each other and are saved as user information on the project.

Remark 2.

More than one watch-expression with the same name can be registered.

Example

var for prog$file#func#var

Example

sobj.mem for the mem member expanded from the sobj structure object

Table A.11

Display Form of Watch-expressions (Default)

Type of watch-expression

Display form

char, signed char, unsigned char

Hexadecimal value added in "( )" following ASCII character

short, signed short, short int, signed short int, int, signed, signed int, long, signed long, long int, signed long int

Hexadecimal value added in "( )" following signed decimal value

unsigned short, unsigned short int, unsigned, unsigned int, unsigned long, unsigned long int

Hexadecimal value added in "( )" following unsigned decimal value

float, float _Complex, float _Imaginary

Float value (when 4 bytes in size) Note

double, long double, double _Complex, long double _Complex, double _Imaginary, long double _Imaginary

Double value (when 8 bytes in size) Note

Pointer to char, singed char, unsigned char

String

Encoding: Shift_JIS

Pointer to other than char, singed char, unsigned char

Hexadecimal

Array of type char, signed char, unsigned char

String

Encoding: Shift_JIS

bit, boolean, _boolean

Hexadecimal value added in "( )" following unsigned decimal value

Enumeration type

Hexadecimal value added in "( )" following enumerated constant

Label, immediate address, EQU symbol

Hexadecimal value added in "( )" following signed decimal value

Bit symbol

Hexadecimal value added in "( )" following unsigned decimal value

Other

Hexadecimal

Note

The values of floating and complex types are rounded to an approximate value (nearest whole value) before being displayed.

Example display (default)

Description

Text color

Blue

Values of watch-expressions which have had their values changed by the user (Written into the target memory by hitting [Enter] key)

Background color

Standard color

Text color

DeepPink

Values of watch-expressions which have their display updated in real time (Realtime display update function)

Background color

Standard color

Text color

Sienna

Values of watch-expressions whose values have changed as a result of program execution

Highlighting is reset by clicking the button in the toolbar or selecting [Reset Color] on the context menu.

Background color

LightYellow

?

Text color

Gray

When nonexistent variables are registered as watch-expressions, or when values of watch-expressions could not be acquired (e.g., variables gotten out of scope)

Background color

Standard color

Remark 1.

The I/O registers that may get the microcontroller operated unintentionally by a read operation are protected against reads, so that they are not loaded with values. To load the contents of the I/O registers protected against reads, select [Force Read Value] on context menu.

Remark 2.

Watch-expressions have their values acquired in the order they are registered.
Therefore, if two or more of the same I/O register are registered, their displayed values may not always the same, because their values are acquired with different timing.

Remark 3.

If hexadecimal equivalents are added, the value in specified notation and its hexadecimal equivalent are read out separately.
Therefore, the value in specified notation and its hexadecimal equivalent may not always agree, because they are acquired with different timing.

Watch-expression

Display form

Single CPU register

<Type of CPU register> (<SizeNote 1>)

Single I/O register

<Type of I/O register> (<Access attribute> <Access type><SizeNote 1>)

Access attribute

R: Read only

W: Write only

R/W: Read/write

Access type

1: Accessible in 1 bit

8: Accessible in byte

16: Accessible in half word
32: Accessible in word

Not determinable

?

Other than above

<Type of watch-expression as determined by C compilerNote 2> (<SizeNote 1>)

Note 1.

The sizes of watch-expressions are expressed in byte units.
For bit IORs and C bit fields, however, the sizes are displayed in bit units, with the "bit" notation added at the end of the value.

Note 2.

Watch-expressions are handled as having the type indicated here when they are compiled.
In the case of double/long double type, type name is output in accordance with "Precision of the double type and long double type" in the [CPU] Category on the [Common Options] Tab in the CC-RX Property panel. The type name and size are output in float type when "Handles in single precision" is selected and in double type when "Handles in double precision" is selected.

Remark

If the watch-expression is an I/O register that is a bit register, a bit offset value is added to its displayed address, as shown below.

Example

For a bit register mapped to bit 4 at the address "0xFF40"
Displayed content: 0xFF40.4