Conventions
  • Data significance: Higher digits on the left and lower digits on the right
  • Note: Footnote for item marked with Note in the text
  • Caution: Information requiring particular attention
  • Remark: Supplementary information
  • Numeric representation:
    • Decimal ... XXXX
    • Hexadecimal ... 0xXXXX


  • Prefixes indicating power of 2 (address space and memory capacity):
    • K (kilo) 210 = 1024
    • M (mega) 220 = 10242

  • up4( data ): A value in which data is rounded up to the multiple of 4.
  • down( data): A integer part of data.